Chemical Properties of 2-Pyrrolidinone (CAS 616-45-5)

InChI

InChI=1S/C4H7NO/c6-4-2-1-3-5-4/h1-3H2,(H,5,6)

InChI Key

HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Formula

C4H7NO

SMILES

O=C1CCCN1

Molecular Weight¹

85.10

CAS

616-45-5

Other Names

• .alpha.-pyrrolidinone
• .alpha.-pyrrolidone
• .gamma.-aminobutyric acid lactam
• .gamma.-aminobutyric lactam
• .gamma.-aminobutyrolactam
• .gamma.-butyrolactam
• 2-Pyrol
• 2-Pyrol4-aminobutyric acid lactam
• 2-oxopyrrolidine
• 2-pyrrolidone
• 2-tetrahydropyrrolone
• 4-AMINEBUTANOIC ACID
• 4-aminobutyric acid lactam
• ALPHA-PYRROLIDINONE
• Butanoic acid, 4-amino-
• Butanoic acid, 4-amino-, lactam
• LAM
• NSC 4593
• NSC 8413
• Pyrrolidon
• Pyrrolidone
• Pyrrolidone-2
• Pyrrolidone2-pyrrolidone
• Soluphor P
• a-Pyrrolidinone
• a-Pyrrolidone
• azacyclopentan-2-one
• butyrolactam
• g-Aminobutyric acid lactam
• g-Aminobutyric lactam
• g-Aminobutyrolactam
• g-Butyrolactam
• «alpha»-Pyrrolidinone
• «alpha»-Pyrrolidone
• «gamma»-Aminobutyric acid lactam
• «gamma»-Aminobutyric lactam
• «gamma»-Aminobutyrolactam
• «gamma»-Butyrolactam

• Δ_cH°_liquid : Standard liquid enthalpy of combustion (kJ/mol).
• C_p,gas : Ideal gas heat capacity (J/mol×K).
• C_p,liquid : Liquid phase heat capacity (J/mol×K).
• C_p,solid : Solid phase heat capacity (J/mol×K).
• η : Dynamic viscosity (Pa×s).
• Δ_fH°_gas : Enthalpy of formation at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
• Δ_fH°_liquid : Liquid phase enthalpy of formation at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
• Δ_fusH° : Enthalpy of fusion at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
• Δ_fusH : Enthalpy of fusion at a given temperature (kJ/mol).
• Δ_vapH° : Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions (kJ/mol).
• Δ_vapH : Enthalpy of vaporization at a given temperature (kJ/mol).
• IE : Ionization energy (eV).
• log₁₀WS : Log10 of Water solubility in mol/l.
• logP_oct/wat : Octanol/Water partition coefficient.
• McVol : McGowan's characteristic volume (ml/mol).
• NFPA Fire : NFPA Fire Rating.
• NFPA Health : NFPA Health Rating.
• P_vap : Vapor pressure (kPa).
• ρ_l : Liquid Density (kg/m³).
• I_np : Non-polar retention indices.
• I : Polar retention indices.
• Δ_fusS : Entropy of fusion at a given temperature (J/mol×K).
• S°_liquid : Liquid phase molar entropy at standard conditions (J/mol×K).
• c_sound,fluid : Speed of sound in fluid (m/s).
• S°_{solid,1 bar} : Solid phase molar entropy at standard conditions (J/mol×K).
• T_boil : Normal Boiling Point Temperature (K).
• T_boilr : Boiling point at reduced pressure (K).
• T_c : Critical Temperature (K).
• T_fus : Normal melting (fusion) point (K).
• T_triple : Triple Point Temperature (K).
• ¹: Molecular weight from the IUPAC atomic weights tables.

Physical Properties

Property	Value	Unit	Source
ΔcH°liquid	[-2308.40; -2288.20]	kJ/mol
ΔcH°liquid	-2308.40 ± 0.34	kJ/mol	NIST
ΔcH°liquid	-2288.20 ± 0.42	kJ/mol	NIST
ΔfH°gas	-197.40 ± 3.10	kJ/mol	NIST
ΔfH°liquid	-266.04 ± 0.42	kJ/mol	NIST
ΔfusH°	8.08	kJ/mol	Joback Calculated Property
ΔvapH°	[68.70; 73.60]	kJ/mol
ΔvapH°	73.60 ± 1.30	kJ/mol	NIST
ΔvapH°	68.70 ± 1.50	kJ/mol	NIST
IE	[9.20; 9.53]	eV
IE	9.20	eV	NIST
IE	9.32 ± 0.02	eV	NIST
IE	9.45	eV	NIST
IE	9.53	eV	NIST
log10WS	[1.07; 1.07]
log10WS	1.07		Aq. Solubility Prediction
log10WS	1.07		Estimated Solubility
logPoct/wat	-0.104		Crippen Calculated Property
McVol	67.910	ml/mol	McGowan Calculated Property
NFPA Fire	1		KDB
NFPA Health	2		KDB
Inp	[1045.00; 1078.00]
Inp	1076.00		NIST
Inp	1077.00		NIST
Inp	1059.90		NIST
Inp	1069.00		NIST
Inp	1045.00		NIST
Inp	1078.00		NIST
Inp	1048.00		NIST
Inp	1069.00		NIST
Inp	1059.90		NIST
I	[1988.00; 2048.00]
I	2002.00		NIST
I	2029.00		NIST
I	2020.00		NIST
I	2048.00		NIST
I	2037.00		NIST
I	2002.00		NIST
I	2017.00		NIST
I	1988.00		NIST
I	1988.00		NIST
I	2002.00		NIST
S°liquid	189.70	J/mol×K	NIST
S°solid,1 bar	136.80	J/mol×K	NIST
Tboil	518.20	K	NIST
Tc	789.10	K	DIPPR Project 851 - Thirty Years of Vapor-Liquid Critical Point Measurements and Experimental Technique Development
Tfus	[296.65; 298.72]	K
Tfus	296.65	K	Aq. Solubility Prediction
Tfus	298.72 ± 0.10	K	NIST
Tfus	298.65 ± 0.50	K	NIST
Ttriple	[299.08; 299.08]	K
Ttriple	299.08 ± 0.01	K	NIST
Ttriple	299.08 ± 0.01	K	NIST

Cheméo can also estimate Critical Pressure, Critical Volume, Standard Gibbs free energy of formation, Acentric Factor for this compound, but they fall outside the models' validated range, so they are not shown here. Open the prediction tool to compute them on demand.

Temperature Dependent Properties

Property	Value	Unit	Temperature (K)	Source
Cp,liquid	[168.36; 172.37]	J/mol×K	[293.15; 308.15]
Cp,liquid	168.36	J/mol×K	293.15	Excess heat capacities of (binary + ternary) mixtures containing [emim][BF4] and organic liquids
Cp,liquid	169.55	J/mol×K	298.15	Excess heat capacities of (binary + ternary) mixtures containing [emim][BF4] and organic liquids
Cp,liquid	169.60	J/mol×K	300.00	NIST
Cp,liquid	169.40	J/mol×K	300.00	NIST
Cp,liquid	171.18	J/mol×K	303.15	Excess heat capacities of (binary + ternary) mixtures containing [emim][BF4] and organic liquids
Cp,liquid	172.37	J/mol×K	308.15	Excess heat capacities of (binary + ternary) mixtures containing [emim][BF4] and organic liquids
Cp,solid	135.60	J/mol×K	290.00	NIST
η	[0.0034510; 0.0158420]	Pa×s	[293.15; 338.15]
η	0.0158420	Pa×s	293.15	Densities, Viscosities, and Excess Molar Enthalpies of 2-Pyrrolidone + Butanol Isomers at T ) (293.15, 298.15, and 303.15) K
η	0.0133630	Pa×s	298.15	Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, and Relative Permittivities for Water + Cyclic Amides (2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at Different Temperatures
η	0.0130680	Pa×s	298.15	Densities, Viscosities, and Excess Molar Enthalpies of 2-Pyrrolidone + Butanol Isomers at T ) (293.15, 298.15, and 303.15) K
η	0.0106870	Pa×s	303.15	Densities, Viscosities, and Excess Molar Enthalpies of 2-Pyrrolidone + Butanol Isomers at T ) (293.15, 298.15, and 303.15) K
η	0.0088440	Pa×s	308.15	Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, and Relative Permittivities for Water + Cyclic Amides (2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at Different Temperatures
η	0.0062590	Pa×s	318.15	Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, and Relative Permittivities for Water + Cyclic Amides (2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at Different Temperatures
η	0.0046770	Pa×s	328.15	Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, and Relative Permittivities for Water + Cyclic Amides (2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at Different Temperatures
η	0.0034510	Pa×s	338.15	Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, and Relative Permittivities for Water + Cyclic Amides (2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at Different Temperatures
ΔfusH	[13.92; 13.92]	kJ/mol	[299.00; 299.08]
ΔfusH	13.92	kJ/mol	299.00	NIST
ΔfusH	13.92	kJ/mol	299.00	NIST
ΔfusH	13.92	kJ/mol	299.08	NIST
ΔfusH	13.92	kJ/mol	299.08	NIST
ΔfusH	13.92	kJ/mol	299.08	NIST
ΔvapH	60.00	kJ/mol	456.50	NIST
ρl	[994.28; 1111.28]	kg/m3	[293.15; 323.15]
ρl	1111.28	kg/m3	293.15	Thermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with 1-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one or pyrrolidin-2-one + water
ρl	1111.28	kg/m3	293.15	Excess Heat Capacities for Lactam + Chlorotoluene Binary Mixtures
ρl	1111.28	kg/m3	293.15	Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Mixtures Containing Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents
ρl	1107.16	kg/m3	298.15	Volumetric properties of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 2-pyrrolidone from T = (298.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure
ρl	1107.15	kg/m3	298.15	Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Mixtures Containing Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents
ρl	1107.15	kg/m3	298.15	Excess molar enthalpies for [emim][BF4] + pyrrolidin-2-one or 1-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one + pyridine or water mixtures
ρl	994.28	kg/m3	298.15	Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Liquid Mixtures of 2-Pyrrolidinone with Aromatic Hydrocarbons
ρl	1107.15	kg/m3	298.15	Excess Heat Capacities for Lactam + Chlorotoluene Binary Mixtures
ρl	1107.26	kg/m3	298.15	Topological Investigations of Excess Molar Volumes and Excess Isentropic Compressibilities of Ternary Mixtures Containing Pyrrolidin-2-one at 308.15 K
ρl	1106.82	kg/m3	298.15	Excess Molar Volumes and Kinematic Viscosities for Binary Mixtures of Dipropylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether and Dipropylene Glycol tert-Butyl Ether with 2-Pyrrolidinone, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N,N-Dimethylformamide, and N,N-Dimethylacetamide at 298.15 K
ρl	1107.15	kg/m3	298.15	Thermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with 1-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one or pyrrolidin-2-one + water
ρl	1107.26	kg/m3	298.15	Topological investigations of the molecular species and molecular interactions that characterize pyrrolidin-2-one + lower alkanol mixtures
ρl	1103.02	kg/m3	303.15	Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Mixtures Containing Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents
ρl	1103.06	kg/m3	303.15	Excess Heat Capacities for Lactam + Chlorotoluene Binary Mixtures
ρl	1103.07	kg/m3	303.15	Volumetric properties of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 2-pyrrolidone from T = (298.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure
ρl	1103.02	kg/m3	303.15	Thermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with 1-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one or pyrrolidin-2-one + water
ρl	1097.14	kg/m3	308.15	Effect of placement of hydroxyl groups in isomeric butanediol on the behaviour of thermophysical and spectroscopic properties of pyrrolidin-2-one
ρl	1097.14	kg/m3	308.15	Effect of B-cyclodextrin on the behaviour of thermophysical and spectroscopic properties of binary mixtures of (isomeric butanediol + pyrrolidin-2-one)
ρl	1098.90	kg/m3	308.15	Thermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with 1-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one or pyrrolidin-2-one + water
ρl	1098.90	kg/m3	308.15	Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Mixtures Containing Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents
ρl	1098.99	kg/m3	308.15	Volumetric properties of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 2-pyrrolidone from T = (298.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure
ρl	1097.14	kg/m3	308.15	Molecular interactions of a,x-alkanediols in pyrrolidin-2-one: Thermophysical and spectroscopic measurements
ρl	1094.90	kg/m3	313.15	Volumetric properties of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 2-pyrrolidone from T = (298.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure
ρl	1090.82	kg/m3	318.15	Volumetric properties of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 2-pyrrolidone from T = (298.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure
ρl	1086.75	kg/m3	323.15	Volumetric properties of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 2-pyrrolidone from T = (298.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure
ΔfusS	[46.50; 46.50]	J/mol×K	[299.08; 299.08]
ΔfusS	46.50	J/mol×K	299.08	NIST
ΔfusS	46.50	J/mol×K	299.08	NIST
ΔfusS	46.50	J/mol×K	299.08	NIST
csound,fluid	[1601.85; 1650.13]	m/s	[293.15; 308.15]
csound,fluid	1650.13	m/s	293.15	Thermodynamic and Topological Studies of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate + Pyrrolidin-2-one and 1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one Mixtures
csound,fluid	1633.68	m/s	298.15	Isentropic compressibilities of (amide + water) mixtures: A comparative study
csound,fluid	1633.92	m/s	298.15	Thermodynamic and Topological Studies of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate + Pyrrolidin-2-one and 1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one Mixtures
csound,fluid	1617.14	m/s	303.15	Thermodynamic and Topological Studies of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate + Pyrrolidin-2-one and 1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one Mixtures
csound,fluid	1601.85	m/s	308.15	Thermodynamic and Topological Studies of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate + Pyrrolidin-2-one and 1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one Mixtures

Pressure Dependent Properties

Correlations

Property	Value	Unit	Temperature (K)	Source
Cp,gas	[78.33; 232.68]	J/mol×K	[273.00; 1000.00]	Joback Predicted correlation
Equation			Y = A + B·T + C·T² + D·T³ + E·T⁴ Y is Cp,gas in J/mol×K, T in K
Coefficient A			-1.38200e+01
Coefficient B			3.60300e-01
Coefficient C			-7.20000e-05
Coefficient D			-4.18000e-08
Coefficient E			0.00000e+00
Temperature range, min.			273.00
Temperature range, max.			1000.00
Cp,gas	78.33	J/mol×K	273.00	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	102.78	J/mol×K	353.78	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	125.72	J/mol×K	434.56	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	147.01	J/mol×K	515.33	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	166.52	J/mol×K	596.11	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	184.11	J/mol×K	676.89	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	199.65	J/mol×K	757.67	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	213.02	J/mol×K	838.44	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	224.07	J/mol×K	919.22	Calculated Property
Cp,gas	232.68	J/mol×K	1000.00	Calculated Property

Property	Value	Unit	Temperature (K)	Source
Pvap	[1.33; 202.64]	kPa	[390.59; 548.78]	The Yaws Handbook of Vapor Pressure
Equation			ln(Y) = A + B/(T + C) Y is Pvap in kPa, T in K
Coefficient A			1.54130e+01
Coefficient B			-4.81100e+03
Coefficient C			-7.25160e+01
Temperature range, min.			390.59
Temperature range, max.			548.78
Pvap	1.33	kPa	390.59	Calculated Property
Pvap	2.94	kPa	408.17	Calculated Property
Pvap	6.01	kPa	425.74	Calculated Property
Pvap	11.46	kPa	443.32	Calculated Property
Pvap	20.61	kPa	460.90	Calculated Property
Pvap	35.23	kPa	478.47	Calculated Property
Pvap	57.62	kPa	496.05	Calculated Property
Pvap	90.60	kPa	513.63	Calculated Property
Pvap	137.60	kPa	531.20	Calculated Property
Pvap	202.64	kPa	548.78	Calculated Property
Pvap	[2.74e-03; 6200.27]	kPa	[298.15; 792.00]	KDB Vapor Pressure Data
Equation			ln(Y) = A + B/T + C·ln(T) + D·T² + E/T² Y is Pvap in kPa, T in K
Coefficient A			8.41872e+01
Coefficient B			-1.06834e+04
Coefficient C			-9.56959e+00
Coefficient D			3.04035e-06
Coefficient E			0.00000e+00
Temperature range, min.			298.15
Temperature range, max.			792.00
Pvap	2.74e-03	kPa	298.15	Calculated Property
Pvap	0.16	kPa	353.02	Calculated Property
Pvap	2.66	kPa	407.89	Calculated Property
Pvap	20.53	kPa	462.77	Calculated Property
Pvap	95.59	kPa	517.64	Calculated Property
Pvap	316.06	kPa	572.51	Calculated Property
Pvap	822.49	kPa	627.38	Calculated Property
Pvap	1804.45	kPa	682.26	Calculated Property
Pvap	3498.88	kPa	737.13	Calculated Property
Pvap	6200.27	kPa	792.00	Calculated Property

Similar Compounds

Find more compounds similar to 2-Pyrrolidinone.

Mixtures

• 2-Pyrrolidinone + Water
• Benzene + 2-Pyrrolidinone + o-Xylene
• Benzene + 2-Pyrrolidinone + p-Xylene
• Benzene + Toluene + 2-Pyrrolidinone
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + Propylene Glycol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + 1,3-Propanediol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + 1,4-Butanediol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + 2,3-Butanediol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + 1,2-Ethanediol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + 1,5-Pentanediol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + Ethanol
• 1-Propanol + 2-Pyrrolidinone
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + 2-Propanol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + 1-Butanol
• 2-Pyrrolidinone + Pyridine
• Toluene + 2-Pyrrolidinone + o-Xylene
• Toluene + 2-Pyrrolidinone + p-Xylene
• Benzene + 1-Propanol + 2-Pyrrolidinone
• 1-Propanol + Toluene + 2-Pyrrolidinone
• Methane, dibromo- + 2-Pyrrolidinone

Find more mixtures with 2-Pyrrolidinone.

Sources

• KDB Vapor Pressure Data
• Cheméo Relay (1.0, beta) Beta: served but experimental, data-limited and below our cross-validation release bar; the Joback value is recommended where available.
• Crippen Method
• Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Liquid Mixtures of 2-Pyrrolidinone with Aromatic Hydrocarbons
• Topological Investigations of Excess Molar Volumes and Excess Isentropic Compressibilities of Ternary Mixtures Containing Pyrrolidin-2-one at 308.15 K
• Effect of placement of hydroxyl groups in isomeric butanediol on the behaviour of thermophysical and spectroscopic properties of pyrrolidin-2-one
• Isentropic compressibilities of (amide + water) mixtures: A comparative study
• Molecular interactions of a,x-alkanediols in pyrrolidin-2-one: Thermophysical and spectroscopic measurements
• Effect of B-cyclodextrin on the behaviour of thermophysical and spectroscopic properties of binary mixtures of (isomeric butanediol + pyrrolidin-2-one)
• Excess molar enthalpies for [emim][BF4] + pyrrolidin-2-one or 1-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one + pyridine or water mixtures
• Excess heat capacities of (binary + ternary) mixtures containing [emim][BF4] and organic liquids
• Thermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures containing 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with cyclic amides and cyclopentanone or cyclohexanone at T = (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K
• Volumetric properties of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 2-pyrrolidone from T = (298.15 to 323.15) K at atmospheric pressure
• Densities, ultrasonic speeds, excess and partial molar properties of binary mixtures of 2-pyrrolidone with isomeric propanediols at temperatures from 303.15 K to 323.15 K
• Topological investigations of the molecular species and molecular interactions that characterize pyrrolidin-2-one + lower alkanol mixtures
• Excess molar volumes and excess isentropic compressibilities of 2-pyrrolidinone at 308.15K
• Thermodynamic properties of ternary mixtures of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with 1-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one or pyrrolidin-2-one + water
• Thermochemistry of hydrogen bonding of linear and cyclic amides inproton acceptors media
• Thermochemistry of hydrogen bonding of proton acceptors in the media of linear and cyclic amides. Cooperativity effects in multi-particle complexes of amides
• Solubility of Acetylene in Alcohols and Ketones
• DIPPR Project 851 - Thirty Years of Vapor-Liquid Critical Point Measurements and Experimental Technique Development
• Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, and Relative Permittivities for Water + Cyclic Amides (2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at Different Temperatures
• Excess Molar Volumes and Kinematic Viscosities for Binary Mixtures of Dipropylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether and Dipropylene Glycol tert-Butyl Ether with 2-Pyrrolidinone, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N,N-Dimethylformamide, and N,N-Dimethylacetamide at 298.15 K
• Thermodynamic and Topological Studies of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate + Pyrrolidin-2-one and 1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one Mixtures
• Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Mixtures Containing Ionic Liquids and Organic Solvents
• Excess Heat Capacities for Lactam + Chlorotoluene Binary Mixtures
• Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions of Short N-Alkyl-2-pyrrolidinones
• Densities, Viscosities, and Excess Molar Enthalpies of 2-Pyrrolidone + Butanol Isomers at T ) (293.15, 298.15, and 303.15) K
• Excess Molar Enthalpies of Dibromomethane with Benzene, Methanol, Dimethylsulfoxide, and Pyrrolidin-2-one at 303.15 K
• Joback Method
• KDB
• Aqueous Solubility Prediction Method
• Estimated Solubility Method
• McGowan Method
• NIST Webbook
• The Yaws Handbook of Vapor Pressure

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